Izizathu Zokuyikholelwa IBhayibhile

1. Ichanile Ngokwembali

Bekuya kuba nzima ukukholelwa incwadi eneengxelo ezingachananga. Masithi ubufunda incwadi ethetha ngembali yaye ithi imfazwe yehlabathi yesibini yabakho kwiminyaka yee-1800 okanye ibiza umongameli waseUnited States ngokuthi ngukumkani. Ngaba loo nkcazelo ingachananga ibingayi kukwenza ukuthandabuze ukuchana kwale ncwadi xa iyonke?

AKAKHO umntu owakha waphumelela ekuphikiseni ukuchana kweBhayibhile. Ithetha ngabantu ababekho ngokwenene neziganeko ezenzekayo.

Abantu. Abaphikisi beBhayibhile babethandabuza ukuba wayekho ngokwenene uPontiyo Pilato, irhuluneli yaseRoma eyayilawula kwaYuda, eyanikela uYesu ukuba abethelelwe. (Mateyu 27:1-26) Ubungqina bokuba uPilato wakha walawula kwaYuda bufumaneka kumbhalo okrolwe elityeni [1] elafunyanwa ngowe-1961 kwizibuko leMeditera elikwisixeko saseKesareya.

Ngaphambi kowe-1993, kwakungekho ngxelo yimbi ngaphandle kwaleyo iseBhayibhileni ephathelele umalusi oselula olikhalipha, ogama linguDavide, owathi kamva waba ngukumkani wakwaSirayeli. Noko ke ngaloo nyaka, kumantla akwaSirayeli abembi bezinto zakudala bafumana ilitye lebasalt [2], elalikho kwangenkulungwane yethoba ngaphambi kweXesha Eliqhelekileyo, yaye iingcali zithi kweli litye kubhalwe amagama athi “iNdlu kaDavide” nathi “ukumkani wakwaSirayeli.”

Iziganeko. De kwakutshanje, abaphengululi abaninzi bebekuthandabuza ukuchana kwengxelo yeBhayibhile ephathelele uhlanga lwakwaEdom olwalusilwa noSirayeli ngexesha lokulawula kukaDavide. (2 Samuweli 8:13, 14) Bathi ngelo xesha amaEdom ayeliqaqobana nje labelusi, ayengeloqela likhulu ngokwaneleyo yaye ayengenamandla ngokokude acel’ umngeni amaSirayeli de kwadlula iminyaka eliqela. Noko ke, ngokophando lwakutshanje lwabembi bezinto zakudala, kubonakala ukuba “amaEdom ayeluhlanga olukhulu kwakude kudala [ngokwahlukileyo kwindlela ebekucingwa ngayo ngaphambili], kanye njengokuba iBhayibhile ibonisa,” litsho njalo inqaku elikwiphephancwadi iBiblical Archaeology Review.

Izibizo ezifanelekileyo. Babebaninzi abalawuli behlabathi ebudeni beenkulungwane ezili-16 eyabhalwa ngazo iBhayibhile. Xa iBhayibhile ithetha ngomlawuli, isoloko isebenzisa isibizo esifanelekileyo. Ngokomzekelo, ibiza uHerode Antipas ngendlela echanileyo ngokuthi ‘umlawuli wesithili’ yaye uGaliyo imbiza ngokuba ‘libamba.’ (Luka 3:1; IZenzo 18:12) KuEzra 5:6 uTatenayi ubizwa ngokuba yirhuluneli yephondo lasePersi “engaphaya koMlambo,” uMlambo umEfrati. Ingqekembe eyenziwa ngenkulungwane yesine ngaphambi kweXesha Eliqhelekileyo, ichaza umlawuli wasePersi uMazaeus ngendlela efanayo, imbiza ngokuba ngumlawuli wephondo “Elingaphaya koMlambo.”

Ukubhalwa kweenkcukacha ngendlela echanileyo kubalulekile, enoba ziinkcukacha ezibonakala zingenamsebenzi. Ukuba sinokubathemba ababhali beBhayibhile kwanakwezona nkcukacha zincinane, ngaba asifanele sizithembe nezinye izinto abazibhalayo?

[Inkcazelo Ngemifanekiso ekwiphepha 5]

1: Photograph © Israel Museum, Jerusalem; courtesy of Israel Antiquities Authority; 2: HUC, Tel Dan Excavations; photo: Zeev Radovan